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Recently, many areas in northern China have been experiencing unusually high temperatures coupled with extreme humidity, leaving residents feeling as if they've been transported to the muggy south. Complaints about a weather resembling southern China's Hui Nan Tian, the period of high humidity and dampness between winter and spring, have flooded social media. Beijing, in particular, has been struck hard by this oppressive weather.
But why is northern China suddenly so hot and humid? Is this normal? To answer these questions, Science and Technology Daily spoke with several meteorological experts.
According to Sun Jun, chief forecaster at the China Meteorological Administration (CMA), the current heat and humidity are closely tied to the northward shift of the Western Pacific Subtropical High. This high-pressure system now dominates much of eastern and central China, pushing the summer monsoon further north than usual. The monsoon's leading edge has reached southern northeast China, central-southern north China, and eastern northwest China, bringing with it abundant moisture and heat.
"Although temperatures in most parts of northern China haven't reached the official 'high temperature' threshold of 35°C, the high humidity significantly amplifies the perceived heat," Sun explained. "When relative humidity is high, the body feels much warmer than the actual air temperature."
Xu Xiaofeng, president of the China Meteorological Service Association, echoed this explanation, comparing Beijing's recent conditions to a steam bath due to the warm, moisture-laden air masses transported by the subtropical high. He clarified that official temperature readings are taken in shaded, ventilated instrument shelters 1.5 meters above ground, a global standard ensuring comparability across regions. However, perceived temperature varies greatly depending on factors like sunlight, wind, and humidity. Studies show that at 32°C, 50 percent humidity can make it feel like a scorching 35°C, while 100 percent humidity can push perceived temperatures beyond 50°C.
Li Yi, deputy chief of the CMA's Public Meteorological Service Center, warned that high heat and humidity impair the body's ability to cool itself, raising risks of dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and heatstroke.
As climate patterns evolve, understanding and adapting to these "sauna days" will be crucial for public health and comfort in northern China. Experts recommend that people stay indoors during peak heat as far as possible, hydrate frequently with electrolyte-rich fluids, and use air conditioning to reduce humidity. High-risk groups such as the elderly, children and pregnant women should prioritize cooling, avoid outdoor activity, and seek medical help if symptoms arise. Patients with chronic diseases are advised to monitor health indicators closely and follow medical advice. Outdoor workers should schedule tasks for cooler hours, wear protective gear, and replenish fluids regularly to mitigate heat-related risks.