Heating from fossil fuels accounts for a major share of energy consumption in many developed countries. Currently, with climate change and energy issues being so important to the planet's well-being, it is imperative to develop nuclear energy heating to mitigate these factors.
On November 15, the second phase of China's nuclear energy heating commercial demonstration project, covering an area of 4.5 million square meters, was put into operation in Haiyang city, Shandong province, the first city in China to heat without using carbon. However, an often asked question is whether nuclear energy heating will pose the risk of nuclear pollution and leakage?
Wu Fang, a leader in Shandong Nuclear Power Company of State Power Investment Corporation, said that the public has nothing to worry about. "Nuclear heating and coal-fired plant heating are the utilization of waste heat from power plants. There is only heat exchange between the producer and the user, and other medium transmissions do not exist," said Wu.
As he explained, the nuclear heating process is mainly to extract steam from the secondary circuit of the nuclear power unit as a heat source, conduct multi -stage heat exchange through the in-plant first heat exchange station and the external heat exchange station of a heating supply enterprise, and finally transfer the heat to end -users via the municipal heating pipe network.
"Throughout the whole process, there are only two steps, i.e., water heating by steam and water heating by water," said Wu. There are multiple circuits for isolation between nuclear power plants and users. Only heat is transferred between circuits, and no water exchange nor radioactive materials enter the user's heating pipelines. The hot water is only circulated in a closed way in the community, isolating from the nuclear power plants layer by layer, thus eliminating any exposure and improving safety.
Yu Bing, deputy director of the National Energy Administration, said that nuclear heating brings a new option to build a clean, efficient and diversified heating system in northern China. At present, it is a mature technology with plenty of domestic enterprises actively participating in it. In addition to the Haiyang project, the nuclear power plants in Qinshan and Hongyanhe are also undergoing renovation.
Wu said that Haiyang residents would have their heating fee for households reduced by one RMB per square meter compared with previous years, and various indicators have met the requirements after the nuclear energy heating promotion: including saving 100,000 tons of raw coal, reducing carbon dioxide emissions by 180,000 tons, 691 tons of dust, 1123 tons of nitrogen oxides, and 1188 tons of sulfur dioxide in every heating season.
In the future, after the Phase II Demonstration Project is put into operation, the thermal efficiency of the nuclear power unit will also increase from 36.69 percent to 39.94 percent, thus achieving a win-win result among local people, local governments, heating companies, nuclear power companies, and ecological and environmental protection aspect.