China's IP consumption market has surged in recent years. According to China Toy and Juvenile Products Association (CTJPA), the annual retail sales of licensed merchandise reached 155.09 billion RMB in 2024. From global hits like Genshin Impact and Black Myth: Wukong, to Guochao blind boxes and the digital revival of Dunhuang, the rise of China's IP consumption is not only a cultural phenomenon but also a natural outcome of technological innovation, upgrade of consumption habits, and collaborative evolution of industrial ecosystems.
Tech-driven IP industry evolution
Technological innovation serves as the cornerstone of IP consumption. The IP industry is essentially a product of the resonance between technological innovation and human emotional needs. Today, China's IP trajectory mirrors mature markets like the U.S. and Japan. Globally, from myths to fairy tales and new virtual characters, breakthroughs in content production and dissemination technologies have always driven growth.
Today, China's IP industry is shifting from "content creation" to a full industry chain layout, driven by high-tech integration into cultural industries. In the era of mobile Internet, AI and big data, the logic of IP creation and consumption has been reshaped. High-precision modeling, dynamic lighting and immersive interaction are redefining IP expression.
For example, micro short dramas, as an emerging content format, are precisely the product of the combination of technology and market demand. These dramas, often adapted from online literature and distributed via platforms like TikTok, leverage fragmented entertainment formats and emotional resonance to meet user needs. According to a 2025 report on China's online audiovisual development, as of December 2024, micro short drama users reached 662 million, with a usage rate of 59.7 percent. Within the latter six months of 2024, the percentage of users using AI tools for image and video production rose from 25.6 percent to 31 percent.
Culture confidence and global reach
Meanwhile, big data and user profiling have made IP operations more precise. By analyzing consumer patterns, content and products can be efficiently matched, enabling audiences to access their preferred shows and products. As the new driver of consumers, Gen Z's complex demands for emotional value, social identity and cultural expression are pushing the IP economy towards more experience-oriented and socially driven models.
China's IP consumption boom is also fueled by rising cultural confidence and deeper globalization. As local cultural identity strengthens, Guochao has evolved from a symbol to deeper cultural resonance. Design trends, the Palace Museum's cultural elements, and the Hanfu traditional Chinese clothing market — growing from 190 million RMB in 2015 to 14.47 billion RMB in 2023 according to iiMedia Research — highlight how Gen Z express identity through "national style."
This confidence fuels IP innovation and boosts cultural exports through youth-led spontaneous sharing. More domestic IPs are expanding overseas. For example, Pop Mart's localized IPs, such as Thailand's "CRYBABY" series, have helped companies generate revenue outside the Chinese mainland. The company's latest financial statements show that overseas revenue increased 375.2 percent year-on-year and accounting for 38.9 percent of income. Moreover, its TikTok channel revenue surged 5779.8 percent to 260 million RMB, underscoring the power of cross-border cultural adaptation.
Full chain synergy
IPs in web literature, games, and films are going global through full-chain models covering content, translation and distribution. After its Disney+ release, Joy of Life Season II soon became the platform's top drama from Chinese mainland. These cases show that China's IP globalization is not just through export, but deep integration through cultural empathy and tech adaptation.
Industry-wide synergy is also speeding up the IP ecosystem's growth. According to the CTJPA, in 2024, retail sales of trendy and collectible toys reached 55.83 billion RMB. In Chenghai, Shantou — China's "toy capital" — over 300,000 toy designs are developed annually, with more than 1,000 new products launched daily. This rapid innovation is driven by the tight link between designers, manufacturers and market demand, forming a closed loop from creation to consumer.
Yet challenges still remain, including serious IP homogenisation, which hampers healthy growth and causes losses. To address this, ongoing innovation and stronger industry oversight are vital. With technological progress and deeper cultural integration, China's IP market is set for even stronger growth.