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The Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou (HIRFL) - Cooler Storage Ring (CSR) is the first large-scale, high-energy, full-ion accelerated heavy ion cooling storage ring system designed and built by China. It is also the first time in the world that the cooling of high-energy heavy ion beams has been achieved by hollow electron beams. Its implementation is of great significance for conducting a wide range of high-precision basic research, especially in the field of heavy ion cancer treatment.
The HIRFL-CSR uses the original cyclotron system as an injector and adopts a double-ring structure to increase the energy of the heavy ion beam from the low energy zone to the medium and high energy zone.
In 2008, the HIRFL-CSR at Lanzhou was put into operation. It achieved full ion acceleration from hydrogen to uranium and completed the leap from low and medium energy to high energy, becoming a world-class large-scale nuclear physics experimental device.
Since 2009, researchers at the Institute of Modern Physics at the Chinese Academy of Sciences have used the cooling storage ring to create a "scale" that can measure the mass of short-lived atomic nuclei — an isochronous mass spectrometer, with an accuracy of up to 10-7.
In recent years, the HIRFL has delivered many high-quality results in the field of basic research, such as carrying out ground testing and evaluation of aerospace components.
According to Liu Jie, director of the Materials Center of the Institute of Modern Physics, satellites and the electronic equipment that astronomers carry will inevitably be exposed to space radiation full of high-energy electrons, protons and heavy ions, thus causing single-particle effects in most semiconductor devices and then seriously threatening the safety of spacecraft in orbit. While relying on large-scale scientific facilities inside the HIRFL, researchers have built a ground simulation device for single-particle effects with world-class technical indicators to better protect China's aerospace components.
Heavy ion technology is also used to treat cancer, becoming a model for basic research to promote scientific and technological development and large scientific facilities to benefit society. Through the research and development of advanced accelerator technology, nuclear detection technology and preclinical experimental research, China has become the fourth country in the world to achieve heavy ion beam clinical treatment.