Homemade shield machine "Jinghua". (PHOTO: XINHUA) |
China's deepest undersea tunnel boring machine, Shenjiang -1, rolled off the production line of China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Corporation Ltd. (CRCHI) in Changsha on August 23, 2021. It will serve in the construction of China's deepest submarine tunnel: the Pearl River Estuary Tunnel of the Shenzhen - Jiangmen Railway.
This shield machine, with a cutter head decorated with the face of a lion, has an excavation diameter of 13.42 meters with a total length of 130 meters and a total weight of 3,800 tons.
Shenjiang -1 will excavate a tunnel that crosses a section measuring 3,590 meters, passing through the Pearl River estuary. With a maximum buried depth of 106 meters and high water pressure construction area of 110 meters, it is currently the underwater shield tunnel with the longest buried depth and the highest water pressure in China.
Considering these construction difficulties in the sea areas, such as ultra-high water pressure, super -hard rock formations, long -distance downhill excavation, continuous crossing of fractured zones, and strong seawater corrosion, the development team has carried out a targeted selection design and a configuration of a normal and heavy composite cutter head, a retractable main drive and a double - layer shell.
The machine integrates a series of intelligent systems to improve the adaptability of the shield machine and provide a guarantee for the safe and efficient construction of the project. The shield machine will be disassembled and transported to the construction site, where it will be reassembled.
Another big challenge for domestic shield machine construction is excavating through the Himalayas.
China has constructed a 4,300 - ton shield machine Jinghua, digging through the Himalayas to build the world's highest railway: the China - Nepal Railway.
Jinghua is 150 meters long, with a maximum excavation diameter of 16 meters and as high as a five-storey building. It is also the largest diameter shield machine developed in China, combining mechanical sensing, optics, hydraulic and information technology. The technology used in these machines is the most advanced of its kind worldwide.